Post Office Managment System Essay

Speedy and businesslike breeding processing is crucial to our socially and highly developed technology. Computer bottomland help the intolerable burden of handling the ever increasing gist or tuition with goernment department, public operate and business concerns expect to contain beca use up of their ability to analyze instruction as intumesce as to retain, update and reproduce it because of their versatility to present it in a variety of forms. This whitethorn also to some extent lead to problems occurring due to t for each oneing explosion. lieu office works in e very(prenominal) walk of our life. Through the mechanization of this body one whoremonger well generate the schooling or so the customer available and also about the old records. Mail, or stain, is a rest homement for transporting letter and separatewise tangible objects written documents typically wrap in envelopes, and also clear tracts argon delivered to destinations around the world. Anything s ent by the comportal remains is called station or post. comport offices strain chain armour-related function such as acceptance of charge and sale of stamp stamps, post office boxes, and sale of packaging and stationery. In addition, some post offices offer non-postal services such as passport applications and other political science forms, auto tax purchase, currency orders, and banking services. In a sorting office or delivery office, beam is sorted or processed for delivery. man-sized open spaces for sorting mail atomic pattern 18 also some prison terms cognise as a sorting hall or postal hall. every step up time, sophisticated mail sorting and delivery equipment has been developed, including Mail Rail The roman type Empire built the nigh advanced postal delivery system known until that time neglect for the service in China. Its atomic number 18a was the in all Mediterranean world. Reliable talk from Rome to governors and military officials in far provinces was a necessity. Rome met the contract by developing the cursus publicus literally, public socio-economic class a state-sponsored serial publication of post roads with communicate stations at intervals. The speed with which government dispatches and other mail could be carried about the conglomerate was non equaled again in Europe until the 19th hundred.Using the relay stations, riders could cover about clxx miles (270 kilometers) in a 24-hour period. The collapse of the empire in the West did non immediately destroy the postal system. Vestiges of it endured until at least the 9th hundred in front it became fragmented and fell into disuse. In the Eastern, or Byzantine, Empire the system lasted chronic because it was eventually absorbed into the Islamic earth based in Baghdad. Between 1775 and 1815 Britain was at war al approximately constantly, any with the United States or with France. To help finance the wars postage grade were increased, and the high rates remaine d in force for 25 historic period after the spank of Napoleon in 1815.Spurred by popular discontent over postal rates, the English educator and tax reformer Rowland Hill explicate proposals on reforming the postal system between 1835 and 1837. His pamphlet, Post Office ameliorate Its immensity and Pr practiseicability, is now regarded as a milestone in the increase of the reinvigorated-made postal system. Hill proved that carrying charges were an insignificant factor in the check live of handling mail. He further proved that the heterogeneous series of rates based on distance were needless. Most of the make out cost came from administrative expenses. He also noned that the parade of remuneration for mail on delivery could be avoided. His solution to postal problems was unanalyzable a uniform rate of postage regardless of distance and prepayment of postage finished the use of adhesive stamps sold by the post office. He proposed that payments be based on weight and sug gested a penny for each half-ounce.1.2STATEMENT OF hassleIn Nigeria today the competition for efficient and better services is high. It is curiously high for postal services agencies where cloak-and-dagger postal service connection are forcing out the government owned postal services, common errors show in the manual of arms system that makes it nearly impossible for them to meet up to the challenges are* Lack of Immediate Retrieval of Information In manual system, lot of time is wasted in retrieving information. Much searching is need before required is found. This wastes a lot of time of the drug user as well as the person. * Lack of immediate information storage In manual system, it is difficult to transshipment center information at proper redact at that very moment. This is because the person is unable to quickly locate the place where the information is to be stored. * Prompts Updating not Possible Changes are instead natural in all walks of life. Information and stored selective information also changes from time to time. These changes should be incorporated in the workings also to keep the information up to date. However, bringing about changes through the manual system is a slow and tedious process because of which inaccurate information storage occurs.* unwitting Working The manual system lacks the element of planned working. Records are not properly maintained. This creates a lot of problems at times like during information convalescence and storage * Insignificant Generation of Managerial and Strategic Reports In manual system, reports for management are difficult to be generated and strategic reports are impossible. This is because for these reports proper storage of information, its retrieval and its filtering are very important and very tough in manual system. * Accuracy The manual system lacks the true in working and a number of operations may be performed fallaciously, the computings that are done in the organization may be incorrect and whatever are generated in the system may be inaccurate.1.3AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE find outThe proposed project work aims to improve on the manual system by making it more efficient and accurate while delivering better services to the customers. It aims to * Provide immediate retrieval of information This is to provide quick and efficient retrieval of information, any type of information would be available to the user whenever he requires. Facility would be provided for online query to cut down on the response time greatly. * Immediate storage of information In the proposed system, it forget be easy to store information at any given over time at the correct places. The location of storage would be easily available and user pass on face no difficulty. * Prompt update of information In the proposed system, the information pull up stakes al counsels remain up to date as the updating will be prompt and without any efforts. This factor will be of great importan ce in the proposed system as it determines the integrity of the information stored. * Fast computation of information The computation of information will be quite fast in the proposed system. non only mathematical calculations, but also logical comparisons will be quick in the bracing system. * Planned approach toward working The working is the service center information system will be well planned and organized. The data will be stored properly in the data store which will help in retrieval of information as well as in its storage. * Generation of managerial and strategic reports The new system would provide for regular generation of reports which would help the management in decisions making work and in controlling the over-all working of the organization. The generation of these reports would be possible only if the system is organized such that retrieval of information can be made on conditions.* Accuracy The level of the true in the new proposed system would be higher. Al l operations and computations would be done correctly and this will ensure that whatever information is glide slope from the center, it is accurate. * Reliability The reliability of the proposed system would be high due to the above stated reasons. The reason for the increased reliability of the system is that now in that location would be proper storage of information, its maintenance would be well managed and retrieval would be possible in the desired manner.* Non Redundant Information In the new system, utmost care be taken that no information is repeated, any work of storage or otherwise. This would assure economic usage of storage or space and consistency in the data stored. This will also help make those changes easily as the change would fix to be made only at that very place and nowhere else.1.4SCOPE OF THE PROJECTThe project report work covers package posting of customers to their destination, store customers information as well as update as new transaction are carri ed out as well as displaying details for information a customer may require it will be accessible to three categories of users which are the public, customers and administrators.1.5LIMITATION OF THE PROJECTThis project work (software application) will be a website application that will provide security with the use of login-id and password, so that any un current users cannot use unauthorized account. Only authorized users look at proper access to the application (users, public and administrator), whereby users and public can view, search and users can post their package, the administrator will have total access to the application. The application will cover the state, and not the whole realm or international posting.1.6DEFINITION OF TERMSAUTOMATE-The act of making or converting from manual based to automate state where a system function independently.DISPATCH-The act of move something from one end to the other.MAIL-Packages that are handled and distributed in a postal system.P OST -Letters or parcels that have been sent or are to be send through the postal system.POSTAGE -The price paid for package delivery.SORTING-The process of arranging something orderly.VERSATILITY-Something that is meant to be used in many ways.TAX-The money levied on citizen by government for the operation and smooth running of the state, region or a province.CHAPTER TWO2.0LITERATURE REVIEWThis chapter reviews the existing posting system, mail delivery system, courier services, e-servicing and internet as well as their history. In order to grasp the full scope of the project it explains the posting system as a whole.2.1HISTORY OF POSTAL SERVICESMail, consisting mostly of government dispatches, was carried from place to place by sawbuck or horse-drawn wagon in ancient Egypt and Persia. Most mail was still being transported the same way in the middle of the 19th century, when stagecoaches carried letters and packages to the West coast. Historical references to postal systems in Egyp t date from about 2000 BC. The Persian Empire under Cyrus the groovy (6th century BC) used a system of mounted relay messengers. The riders would wear out at regularly placed posthouses to get a fresh horse or to pass on their packets of dispatches to another messenger for the remainder of the distance. On the other side of the world, in China, a posthouse service had been started early in the Chou Dynasty (ruled 1122-221 BC). It was used mostly to convey official documents.The far-reaching system consisted of relays of couriers who changed horses at relay posts 9 miles (14.5 kilometers) apart. The system was enlarged under the Han Empire (202 BC-AD 220), when the Chinese came in contact with the Romans and their postal system. The Roman Empire built the most advanced postal delivery system known until that time except for the service in China. Its area was the whole Mediterranean world. Reliable communication from Rome to governors and military officials in faraway provinces was a necessity. Rome met the need by developing the cursus publicus literally, public course a state-sponsored series of post roads with relay stations at intervals. The speed with which government dispatches and other mail could be carried about the empire was not equaled again in Europe until the 19th century. Using the relay stations, riders could cover about 170 miles (270 kilometers) in a 24-hour period.The collapse of the empire in the West did not immediately destroy the postal system. Vestiges of it endured until at least the 9th century before it became fragmented and fell into disuse. In the Eastern, or Byzantine, Empire the system lasted longer because it was eventually absorbed into the Islamic kingdom based in Baghdad. With the maturement of international commerce during the Renaissance, there was a need for business correspondence. Corporations and guilds pot up their own messenger services. The great merchant and banking houses of the Italian city-states provided the m ost extensive and dependable postal service of the time. By the 13th century links were maintained between the commercial centers of Florence, Genoa, and Siena and several communities in blue France that held annual fairs. These fairs attracted merchants from all parts of Europe. The postal service to France thus provided a major international link for commerce and news. There was also a postal link between Venice and Constantinople, the Muslim capital. Russia overly shared in the postal communications of the day.The private postal systems created during the later Middle Ages carried ad hominem mail as well as commercial correspondence. The invention of the feeling press late in the 15th century increased the sum up of mail and made letter carrying a profitable enterprise. Private postal services emerged to carry mail to all parts of Europe. Private carriers did not give up, however. Some of them found a way to stay in business by introducing a new public service the collection and delivery of mail within cities. William Dockwra undecided a Penny Post in London in 1680. The novelty of his operation lay in prepayment for sending letters and in stamping them to show when and where they were sent for delivery. Dockwra was so made that he was prosecuted for infringing on the state monopoly. His enterprise was shut down in 1682 and quickly reopened as a government agency. It was nearly 100 old age before a similar city service was started in Paris, and it too was rapidly taken over by the government.The economic growth in Britain during the 18th century spurred a demand for better mail services. peeled post roads were built, beginning about 1765. Stagecoaches began carrying mail between cities and towns in 1784. The first route was between London and Bath. Mounted postboys also rode on the main routes. Next-day mail delivery became possible in towns throughout a good part of England by the 1830s. (Mazumdar 1990) Between 1775 and 1815 Britain was at war alm ost constantly, either with the United States or with France. To help finance the wars postage rates were increased, and the higher rates remained in force for 25 years after the defeat of Napoleon in 1815. Spurred by popular discontent over postal rates, the English educator and tax reformer Rowland Hill formulated proposals on reforming the postal system between 1835 and 1837.His pamphlet, Post Office Reform Its Importance and Practicability, is now regarded as a milestone in the development of the modern postal system. Hill proved that carrying charges were an insignificant factor in the total cost of handling mail. He further proved that the complex series of rates based on distance were needless. Most of the total cost came from administrative expenses. He also noted that the collection of payment for mail on delivery could be avoided. His solution to postal problems was simple a uniform rate of postage regardless of distance and prepayment of postage through the use of adhesiv e stamps sold by the post office. He proposed that payments be based on weight and suggested a penny for each half-ounce. (Lowe 1951)2.2MAIL DELIVERY SYSTEMMail, or post, is a system for transporting letters and other tangible objects written documents typically enclosed in envelopes, and also small packages are delivered to destinations around the world. Anything sent through the postal system is called mail or post. A postal service can be private or public, though many governments place restrictions on private systems. Since the mid-19th century national postal systems have generally been established as government monopolies with a fee on the article prepaid. Proof of payment is ofttimes in the form of adhesive postage stamps, but postage meters are also used for bulk mailing. Postal authorities often have functions other than transporting letters. In some countries, a Postal Telegraph and call in (PTT) service oversees the postal system as well as having office staff over tele phone and telegraph systems. Some countries postal systems allow for nest egg accounts and handle applications for passports. (Baldwin, N.C. 1960)2.2.1Modern transportation and technologyThe postal system was important in the development of modern transportation. Railroads carried railway post offices. During the 20th century, air mail became the transport of choice for inter-continental mail. Postmen started to utilize mail trucks. The handling of mail became increasingly automated. The Internet came to change the conditions for physical mail. E-mail (and in recent years social networking sites) became a fierce competitor, but online auctions and Internet shopping opened new business opportunities as people often get items bought online through the mail.2.2.2Modern mailModern mail is organized by national and privatized services, which are reciprocally interconnected by international regulations, organizations and international agreements. Paper letters and parcels can be sent to almost any country in the world relatively easily and cheaply. The Internet has made the process of sending letter-like messages nearly instantaneous, and in many cases and situations correspondents use electronic mail where previously they would have used letters. Though the volume of paper mail continues to increase, the number of first class mail pieces sent in the United States arrive at in 2001.