Disasters Do Not Cause Effects. The Effects Are What We Call a Disaster

mankind bes argon the most true of whole the living universes. They think and learn. It is in adult male nature to derogate the errors in anything and e reallything as overmuch as possible and to try to reach as near to perfection as mint be. However, mankinds atomic number 18 creatures of mistakes. No yield how small or how large, e rattling individual makes umteen mistakes in their lives on personal, social, environmental, educational, professional or different levels.In this world, in that respect is a specialise process and procedure for everything and for things to remain in a balance and pull through cheerctioning and working squargon-toedly and appropriately, it is important that these processes and procedures keep going on in the normal usual room. When at that place is a disruption in these processes and procedures, happenings occur. These adventures may be on personal level, national level or globose level. They may be social, political, scotch, n atural or of some other type. Techni echoy, a fortuity is any event, whether natural or establishd by humans, that has a negative impact on the society or the world.The word fortuity is derived from devil Greek words dis meaning bad and astro meaning stars. It office that when the stars be in a bad soil or argon aligned in a wrong manner, bad things volition happen. In a happening, the victims suffer. People die or huge losings are incurred or both take place. When classified under broad categories, disasters can be divided in two types natural disasters and disasters caused by humans. A natural disaster is any event that occurs naturally and humans urinate a very little or absolutely no view over it.Some examples accommodate earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, floods, typhoons, cyclones, tornados, natural fires, etceteratera however, human pic plays a great part for a natural opine to pervert into a natural disaster, that is, a natural hazard like an earthq uake, fire, tsunami etc will non be considered a disaster if it occurs in such an neighborhood that is not occupied by humans or no human is bear upon by it or both. The greater the impact of the hazard on the human environment or the humans themselves, the greater is the disaster.In such a calamity, a good sine qua non management system (also k forthwithn as a disaster management system) can help save lives and void the losses incurred, temporary hookup a weak or unplanned necessity management system or the lack of one can resolving in huge financial, economic, social and human losses. It has however been observed that the developed nations tend to befuddle considerably better emergency management systems and thus incur less losses be it on the financial and economic front or the social and human front.Re oceanrches show that about 90 to 95 percent of the losses incurred due to these natural disasters every year are incurred by the underdeveloped or the developing natio ns especially the federation East Asian countries. The second type of disasters is the disaster caused by humans. A human-made disaster is any disaster that is caused by the mistake or misunderstanding of processes by humans. The causes may be human negligence or ignorance, a mechanical failure or any other human action. Human made disasters are further divided into two types technological disasters and sociological disasters.Technological disasters are all those disasters that are caused by a mechanical, engineering or technical failure and allow disasters like a transportation disaster (like a plane crash) or a collapse of a construction or bridge (due to engineering or technical faults etc) etc that causes loss of lives or resources or both. Sociological disasters are all those disasters that are backed by a powerful human motive (be it criminal acts, revenge, religious reasons, terrorism, wars etc. ).In recent eras, terrorism and wars are the types of such disasters that are most everyday and claim most of the lives of citizenry dying these years. The powerful are toilsome to suppress and oppress the weak and in order to take over them and their resources, attack on them (a good example of that would be the on-going the States-Iraq war), while on the other hand, the suppressed and oppressed try to defend themselves and raise their voice, which results in riots and standardised incidences. Another type of the disasters can be a conspiracy of both human-made and natural disasters.That would include any disasters that keep up both the human reasons as well as the natural hazards behind them. An example of such a disaster would be an aircraft crash due to sudden turbulence in bear. The natural circumstanceor here would be the bad weather while the human error would be the lack of a congruous contingency plan. When defined broadly, a disaster is any event or occurrence that has a negative impact on at least one human being. Keeping this definition in mind, a disaster can be on umpteen levels.The lowest level of a disaster would be on a personal level. This may include events like a dissociate, loss or death of someone very close and beloved like parents or spouse, heavy losses in logical argument etc that can have capacious do on an individuals life, and in some cases, can even change the good course or outlook of ones life, and can countermand that individuals mentality and thinking. A higher level would be on the organizational basis which might include failure of business projects or liquidation or bankruptcy etc. hen there might be some other levels like national, regional and global as well. According to wildcat well Dombrowski, Disasters do not cause incumbrance.The set up are what we call a Disaster. What he means to say is that it is not the disaster in itself in totality that is harmful for us the humans, it is not incisively the very incident that has a negative impact on our lives and it is not just a particular event that causes a revolting blow to the masses. It is really a whole series of later effects of any particular event that decide if that event is a disaster or not.This can easily be understood by the fact that if a hazard (a natural disaster in this example, like an earthquake) mangles an depopulated area, it will not be considered a disaster the reason being that it did not have any effect on any human or human environment. On the other hand, had the same earthquake smash-up a largely populated urban area, it would have been the source of bulky demise and would have claimed several human lives. In addition to this, it would have caused huge financial and economic losses as well.All these negative impacts are the effects of the earthquake, which made it a disaster or else, it would have been just an earthquake in a distant uninhabited piece of priming coat. numerate another example of the personal level of damage. What is wrong with a divorce? A divorce i s zipper however a separation amid spouses who no longer wish to live with one another. This should have been a good thing with positive impacts since the people who do not need to stay with each other can now live the way they want.However, this is not the case. Not at least most of the times. The reason being that a divorce always, or most of the times, has many negative effects on the separated spouses, their children and other closely related individuals like parents of the two spouses, and thus the whole family suffers. Therefore, a divorce was not bad in its essence and could not have been classified as a disaster on a personal level, but, due to its effects it turned into a disaster.The examples descri pick out above and many other examples make it pretty uninfected that the disaster and its effects are very closely linked and there is such a thin boundary amongst then that it is around impossible to lapsely differentiate between them. The disaster is due to its effec ts and the effects are due to the disaster. So it shows that there is no clear distinction between a disaster and its effects and that they are nothing but two faces of the same coin and it is the effects that we actually call a disaster.One thing that with the disasters be it natural or human, which renders the humans befuddled(p) in this regard, is the very low predictability of these disasters. Moreover, the disasters are not under much of human control, even if they are human made disasters. Due to this fact, the losses incurred are greater and more lives are wasted. The availability and functionality of a proper emergency management system can, however, help minimize the damage, if not choke it. When talking about emergency management, which is also called disaster management, there is a step to step process that is involved.There are four phases to establish an emergency management system, being, mitigation, erectdness, response, and recovery. Discussing briefly, mitigatio n is the long-term planning to prevent a hazard from turning into a disaster or to reduce the impact on the masses as much as possible. The elimination or diminution of potential risks is also included in mitigation. Mitigation may all be structural (technological solutions etc) or non-structural (like insurance etc). Contingency planning is a major part of the mitigation phase of emergency management.The second phase, preparedness, deals with the strategies to prepare the masses in case of a hazardous situation to minimize the disaster. It includes strategies like initiatory-aid training and inventory management and stock piling, etc. casualty prediction (prediction of deaths that should be expected from the catastrophe) is another important aspect of preparedness phase. Coming to response, the third phase of emergency management, this phase explains how one should respond or react to the calamity on hand in the first place.It requires emergency services, NGOs and other volunt ary organizations, rescue aggroups and other relevant departments to have a complete plan of how to respond to a particular disaster, but the volunteers should be really committed to help in times of disasters or else they can prove to be a hindrance instead of help. The snuff it phase of disaster management (or emergency management) is the recovery phase that actually takes place after the disaster when the effects have spread and its time to try bringing things back to normal as soon as possible.While response phase helps to deal with the impacts of the disaster during the disaster, the recovery phase deals with go about the aftermath and restoring the affected area or people to the previous state (that is the state before the disaster). It includes efforts like rebuilding of the destroyed property and estate, reemployment of the affected masses and the rehabilitation of those who are psychologically struck by the incident, etc. The International Organizations that respond in e mergency situations include United Nations, humans Bank, Red Cross, Red Crescent, International Association of Emergency Managers, etc. permit us now take some examples and discuss the notion Disasters do not cause effects. The effects are what we call a Disaster further, in the luminance of those devastating events. The events that the discussion would be focused on would be a) Indian Ocean Tsunami 2004 b) The 9/11 incident of The World concern Centers 2001 siemens East Asia, especially the coastal areas, is the part of the world which is gifted by natures great bounties.Hundreds of thousands of tourists, especially from Australian and European nations, belong to this region every year to spend their vacations in the beautiful days and the tranquil nights of these God-gifted lands and these tourist activities contribute a major chunk to the tax revenue generated by these underdeveloped or developing countries, annually. December 26, 2004 was a nice sunny day of the beauti ful winters of this South East Asian region. The sea shores were crowded with both, he locals and the tourists and everyone was enjoying the amazing winter off the coast when suddenly, there push throughed a wall of water right at the shore.Within seconds, the huge wall-like shiver of water crashed on the shore engulfing numerous people who were peacefully having fun in the sun not very long ago. The fun and peaceful environment turned into a sight of immense chaos and destruction and the grand waves did not take longer than a few proceedings to travel up to kilometers inside the cities. A tsunami had hit the shores of the Indian Ocean. Let us first shed some light on what a Tsunami actually is. The word tsunami is derived from two Japanese words tsu meaning deem and nami meaning waves.A Tsunami can be described as an ready immense after effect of an earthquake or mass movements in the land under the ocean. When an earthquake or mass movements occur in the ocean bed, due to an y reason (being a volcanic eruption, underwater explosions, landslides or underwater earthquakes themselves), they generate huge amounts of nix that causes the water waves to move at large mean and extreme positions and thus create massive waves that appear to be walls of water when the strike the shore before the crash chain reactor on land and engulf everything that there is.The height or the premium of the waves of a Tsunami off the shore is much smaller than what it suddenly becomes the glaring it strikes the shore. This is because while the water under the surface of the ocean is full of energy emitted by the earthquake or mass movements in the ocean bed and continues to undergo very fast movements, the water of the surface is comparatively very calm. The moment the water reaches the shore, these two layers merge and give rise to the gigantic waves of water capable of engulfing the whole area in a matter of mere minutes and thus create the walls of water, a characteristic the Tsunamis are famous for.In the Tsunami that occurred in the Indian Ocean in 2004, the cause was refractory to be an earthquake, with its epicenter (point of generation) off the west coast of the Sumatra Island of Indonesia. That is why Indonesia was the demesne to suffer from this calamity the most. The magnitude of the earthquake was record to be between 9. 1 and 9. 3 by different sources on the Richter scale or a Seismograph. The earthquake was so powerful that it generated a series of tsunami waves that hit various shores along the Indian Ocean and created many powerful gigantic waves that caused a lot of destruction.The Tsunami affected about eleven countries and created waves up to a hundred feet in height. The earthquake was of the second highest magnitude to be recorded on a seismograph, ever, and the tsunami was recorded to be one of the deadliest natural disasters in history claiming lives of more that 350,000 individuals and causing losses of billions of dollars.The countries most affected include Indonesia, Sri Lanka, India, Thailand, the Maldives, Somalia, Myanmar, Malaysia, Seychelles, etc. n addition to this, many citizens of various Australian and European nations lost their lives while spending their vacations on the shores where the disaster struck. The disaster did not end here. The actual problems started after the major outbreak when the rescue boot started. Many were saved yet many lost their lives. Many were leave missing who would have died eventually hoping and praying, waiting for a rescue team to come and save them.The areas where the calamity hit were totally destroyed and involve to be rebuilt. As the days passed, the temperature dropped further. This caused more casualties due to the chilling effect of winters. There was an outburst of many epidemics and other diseases while the health resources were stripped and the hygiene conditions were adverse. Food, clothing, shelter, water, medicines and other health supplies and o ther basic necessities of life were needful immediately in huge quantities.Many were injured and needed medical facilities to be treated quickly in order to prevent more casualties while those who remained safe were now reaching adverse conditions due to lack of resources. These and many other immediate after effects needed to be looked after as early as possible to prevent further losses. This distinctly shows that the disaster was not just the Tsunami waves but the effects that it left on the areas that it hit, were equally disastrous.Another event that can easily be deemed disastrous is the 9/11 incident that took place in 2001. It was a peaceful morning, a regular American day in New York. Many people had already reached their workplaces while others were in a hurry to reach theirs when a plane smashed straight into one of the two tallest towers of the World Trade Center, New York. Not much time had passed when another plane crashed in the second tower. Fire broke out in the t wo towers and a state of emergency was created.In the mean while, an attack on the Pentagon took place as well. It was a series of attacks by Al-Qaeda (a terrorist organization) on America in which they used passenger airplanes as their weapons. The whole worlds guardianship was diverted towards America, the Super Power in the world, since no body could conceive something like this happening there. No matter what the motives and the caused were, thousands of innocent people lost their lives and it took months for even a country like America to overcome the immediate devastating effects of this incident.However, this incident, in the long run, changed the complete outlook of the world. America started a war against terrorism which resulted in attacks on Afghanistan, Iraq, Lebanon, etc, some of which are still going on. Various treaties and agreements took place between various nations and many alliances were formed. Many Strategies were formulated and the concept of Emergency Manag ement, Crisis Management and other similar concepts changed altogether, which is very evident from the comparison of the books published before and after the disaster.All in all, this incident had a huge impact on almost the constitutional world and its after effects were, and still are, actually greater and more devastating than what it was that day. This example too, clearly shows that the disaster was not just what happened that particular day, but also what happened after it and what is still happening, especially in the regions that were and/or are the subject of the war against terrorism. Thus the statement of Wolf Dombrowski, that Disasters do not cause effects. The effects are what we call a Disaster holds true